{"id":3829,"date":"2007-10-04T13:03:00","date_gmt":"2007-10-04T13:03:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2025-10-23T10:00:09","modified_gmt":"2025-10-23T10:00:09","slug":"suni-tohumlama-3829","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gardensel.com\/tr\/suni-tohumlama-3829","title":{"rendered":"SUN\u0130 TOHUMLAMA :"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"Uygun tohumlama zaman\u0131nda oldu\u011fu belirlenen di\u015fi hayvanlar\u0131n genital kanallar\u0131na spermalar\u0131n hijyenik ko\u015fullarda nakledilmesidir. <\/p>\n

\n          Erkek hayvanlar\u0131n do\u011fal a\u015f\u0131mla yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015fin, yani tohumun (sperman\u0131n) di\u015finin dölerme yollar\u0131n\u0131n en uygun yerine özel aletlerle b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u015fine (suni tohumlama) denilmektedir. <\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\nTÜRK\u0130YE'DE SUN\u0130 TOHUMLAMA<\/u><\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\n          Suni tohumlaman\u0131n ülkemizdeki evcil hayvanlarda uygulanmas\u0131 oldukça eskidir, 1926 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar giden bir geçmi\u015fi vard\u0131r. Bu y\u0131llarda haralar\u0131m\u0131zda k\u0131srak, inek ve keçilere uygulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Fakat as\u0131l halk hayvanlar\u0131nda uygulanmas\u0131na koyunlarda 1935, k\u0131sraklarda 1939 ve ineklerde 1949'da ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\nDAMIZLIK HAYVAN NE DEMEKT\u0130R?<\/u><\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\n          Yeti\u015ftirildi\u011fi ülkede veya yörede \u0131rk\u0131na veya tipine özgü özellikleri gösteren yüksek verimli, hastal\u0131klardan ari, dam\u0131zl\u0131k veya saf \u0131rk belgesi bulunan hayvan demektir.<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\nSPERMA ALMAK NE ANLAMA GEL\u0130R?<\/u><\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\n          Sperma almak ile o bo\u011fan\u0131n yavrular\u0131na aktaraca\u011f\u0131 genetik özelliklerini sat\u0131n alm\u0131\u015f oluruz. Yani bo\u011fan\u0131n ana ve babas\u0131na ait özelliklerini ta\u015f\u0131yan genlerini sat\u0131n alm\u0131\u015f oluruz. Bu özellikler vücut yap\u0131s\u0131 geli\u015fme özellikleri, hastal\u0131klara kar\u015f\u0131 dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, meme yap\u0131s\u0131, süt verimi gibi özelliklerini yavrusuna aktarmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015f oluruz. O yüzden tohumlamada kullan\u0131lacak bo\u011fan\u0131n seçimi çok önemlidir. Çünkü bu özellikleri sperman\u0131n içinde sakl\u0131d\u0131r ve yavrular\u0131na aktar\u0131r.<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\nDO\u011eUMDAN SONRA \u0130NEKLER\u0130M\u0130 NE ZAMAN TOHUMLATMALIYIM?<\/u><\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\n          Do\u011fumdan sonra inekleri en erken 45 gün sonra tohumlatmak gerekir. Ancak ine\u011fin çaras\u0131n\u0131n mutlaka temiz olmas\u0131 gerekir. E\u011fer çara yumurta ak\u0131 gibi veya cam gibi temiz de\u011filse ya ine\u011fin rahmi hastad\u0131r tedavi edilmesi gerekir ya da kendi kendini tedavi etmesini sa\u011flamak için biraz daha beklenip daha sonraki k\u0131zg\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131nda tohumlat\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\n                                               <\/u><\/strong>TOHUMLAMA SONUCUNDA \u0130NE\u011e\u0130M\u0130N GEBE KALMA \u015eANSI KAÇTIR?<\/u><\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\n\u0130neklerin her tohumlamada gebe kalma \u015fans\u0131 % 60' d\u0131r. <\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\nAncak bu oran sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 inekler için geçerlidir.<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\n             *Birinci toh.100 inek              %  60 = 60*<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\n              \u0130kinci toh.   40 inek                %  60 = 24*<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\n            Üçüncü toh. 16 inek              % 60 = 10        <\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\n                      Gebe kalan inek      %    94<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\n           Yani toplam 100 inek tohumland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda üç tohumlama sonucunda bunlardan 94 tanesi gebe kal\u0131r, alt\u0131 tanesi gebe kalmaz ve dördüncü tohumlamay\u0131 gerektirir.  Geriye kalan bu ineklerden bir k\u0131sm\u0131 hiç gebe kalmaz . bu oranda % 5 kadard\u0131r. Yani sürünün devaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 için döl tutmama problemi nedeniyle sürüye en az 5 tane yeni düve kat\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Di\u011fer hastal\u0131klar ( topall\u0131k, mastitis, ölüm vs) nedeniyle bu oran % 20 kadard\u0131r. Toplam 100 ineklik bir sürüyü sabit tutabilmek için sürüye 20 tane yeni düve kat\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\n\u0130NEKLER KIZGINLILARINI GÜNÜN HANG\u0130 SAATLER\u0130NDE DAHA ÇOK BELL\u0130 EDER?<\/u><\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\n100 ineklik bir sürüde ineklerin<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\nSaat  06.00- 12.00    % 22<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\nSaat  12.00- 18.00    % 10<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\nSaat  18.00- 24.00    % 25<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\nSaat  24.00- 06.00    % 43<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\n          Yukar\u0131daki tablodan anla\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 gibi ineklerin yar\u0131s\u0131na yak\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131zg\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 gece 12 ile sabah 6 aras\u0131nda göstermektedirler. Bu yüzden gece yatmadan önce mutlaka inekler k\u0131zg\u0131nl\u0131k yönünden mutlaka kontrol edilmelidir.<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\n\u0130NEKLER\u0130N KIZGINLIKLARI KAÇ GÜNDE GÖRÜLÜR?<\/u><\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\n          \u0130neklerin k\u0131zg\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131 16-24 gün (ortalama 21 gün) aras\u0131nda bir görülür. Hasta ve gebe olmayan inekler bu sürelerde bir k\u0131zg\u0131nl\u0131k gösterip bo\u011fa isterler. Günümüz \u015fartlar\u0131nda bo\u011fa bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 için bu takibi yeti\u015ftiricinin yapmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Yani ine\u011fin özelliklerinin bilinmesi gerekmektedir. Bunun mutlaka kay\u0131t alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Yeti\u015ftirici ineklerinin k\u0131zg\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 tohumlama yapt\u0131rmasa bile kay\u0131t etmelidir. Tohumlamalardan yüksek gebelik oran\u0131n\u0131n elde edilmesi ineklerin k\u0131zg\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n bilinmesine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\n \n<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
\n

\n\t\t\tHAYVANCILI\u011eIN DESTEKLENMES\u0130 \u0130LE \u0130LG\u0130L\u0130 YASALAR VAR MIDIR?<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t          Evet, karar say\u0131s\u0131 : 2000 \/ 467 olan '' Hayvanc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n desteklenmesi hakk\u0131nda karar''\u0131n yürürlü\u011fe konmas\u0131; Tar\u0131m ve Köyi\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131'n\u0131n 28 \/ 2 \/ 2000 tarihli ve 566 say\u0131l\u0131 yaz\u0131s\u0131 üzerine, Bakanlar kurulunca 23 \/ 3 \/ 2000 tarihinde kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\n<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\n<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\n<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

\n\t\t\tTÜRK\u0130YEDEK\u0130 \u0130NEK SAYISI NE KADARDIR?<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t          Devlet istatistik enstitüsünün verilerine göre Türkiye'deki inek say\u0131s\u0131  a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki tabloda verilmi\u015ftir. 1998 y\u0131l\u0131 sonuçlar\u0131na göre<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\n\t\t\tSI\u011eIR TOPLAM<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t11.031.000<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\n\t\t\tS\u0131\u011f\u0131r kültür<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t1.109.528<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\n\t\t\tS\u0131\u011f\u0131r melez<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t3.001.633<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\n\t\t\tS\u0131\u011f\u0131r yerli<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t3.051.208<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\n\t\t\tDana kültür<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t623.472<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\n\t\t\tDana melez<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t1.693.367<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\n\t\t\tDana yerli<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t1.551.792<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\n<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\n<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

\n\t\t\tTÜRK\u0130YEDEK\u0130 SA\u011eILAN \u0130NEK SAYISI NE KADARDIR NE KADAR SÜT ÜRET\u0130LMEKTED\u0130R?<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t          Türkiye'de 1987 – 1994 döneminde sa\u011f\u0131lan inek say\u0131s\u0131  süt verimi a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da verilmi\u015ftir. <\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t<\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\tY\u0131llar<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\tSa\u011f\u0131lan inek say\u0131s\u0131 <\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t(bin ba\u015f)<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\tSüt üretimi <\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t(bin ton)<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\tOrtalama süt verimi<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t1987<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t6.247<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t8.110<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t1.298<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t1988<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t6.269<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t8.156<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t1.301<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t1989<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t6.154<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t7.973<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t1.296<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t 1990<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t5.893<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t7.961<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t1.351<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t1991<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t6.119<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t8.617<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t1.408<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t1992<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t6.070<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t8.715<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t1.436<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t1993<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t6.032<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t8.904<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t1.476<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\n<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\n<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
\n

\n\t\t\tDÜNYADAK\u0130 \u0130NEK SAYISI NE KADARDIR?<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t          Dünyada toplam inek say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n 1milyar 300 milyon ba\u015f oldu\u011fu tahmin edilmektedir.<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t          Dünyan\u0131n % 70'ni kapsayan geli\u015fmekte olan ülkelerde 4.7 ki\u015fiye bir s\u0131\u011f\u0131r dü\u015ferken, dünyan\u0131n % 30'nu kapsayan geli\u015fmi\u015f ülkelerde bu oran 3.3 ki\u015fiye bir inek dü\u015fmektedir. Tabii bu arada ineklerin verim düzeyi farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 da göz ard\u0131 edilmemelidir. Geli\u015fmi\u015f ülkelerdeki ineklerin verim düzeylerinin daha yüksek oldu\u011fu di\u011fer bölümlerdeki tablolarda verilmi\u015ftir. <\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t          Dünyada 70 milyon ba\u015f siyah-alaca (hol\u015ftayn) inek oldu\u011fu tahmin edilmektedir.<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\n<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\n<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
\n

\n\t\t\tDO\u011eUMDAN SONRA \u0130NEKLER\u0130N ÜREME ORGANLARINDA NE G\u0130B\u0130 DE\u011e\u0130\u015e\u0130KL\u0130KLER OLMAKTADIR?<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\n\t\t\tUterus ( rahim = yavruluk) do\u011fumdan hemen sonra do\u011fum öncesi büyüklü\u011fünün yar\u0131s\u0131na ula\u015f\u0131r. (6-12 saat içinde 10 kg)<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t\u0130lk be\u015f günde           5 kg ,   20-25 günde                1 kg,  50 gün sonra                0.7 kg<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t Do\u011fumdan 10 gün sonra uterus s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 belirlenebilir, 14-15 gün sonra uterus el alt\u0131nda toplanabilir.<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\tUterusun histolojik \u0131nvolüsyonu (küçülmesi) 40.güne kadar sürer.<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\tYavru zarlar\u0131 6-12 saatte at\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\tLochial ak\u0131nt\u0131 <\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t2-3 günde miktar olarak azal\u0131r.<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t9. günde çikolata rengine döner miktar\u0131 azal\u0131r yo\u011funlu\u011fu artar.<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t12-14. günlerde sar\u0131mt\u0131rak renkte ve içinde parçac\u0131klar bulunur.<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\tDo\u011fumdan sonra 60 gün geçmeden yap\u0131lan tohumlamalardan iyi sonuç al\u0131namamaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t\u0130deal tohumlama sonuçlar\u0131 ''biyolojik dinlenme zaman\u0131n\u0131n '' sonunda 9-12 haftal\u0131k sürede al\u0131nmaktad\u0131r. <\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\n<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\n<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

\n\t\t\t\u0130NEKLER KIZGINLI\u011eIN HANG\u0130 DÖNEM\u0130NDE TOHUMLANIRSA GEBEBEL\u0130K \u015eANSI NE OLUR?<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\n\t\t\tTOHUMLAMA ZAMANI<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\tGEBE KALMA ORANI (%)<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\n\t\t\tK\u0131zg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131nda<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t  % 44.0<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\n\t\t\tK\u0131zg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ortas\u0131nda<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t  % 82.5<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\n\t\t\tK\u0131zg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n sonunda<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t% 75<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\n\t\t\tK\u0131zg\u0131nl\u0131k bitiminden 6 saat sonra<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t   % 62.5<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\n\t\t\tK\u0131zg\u0131nl\u0131k bitiminden 12 saat sonra<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t   % 32.0<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\n\t\t\tK\u0131zg\u0131nl\u0131k bitiminden 18 saat sonra<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t % 28<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\n\t\t\tK\u0131zg\u0131nl\u0131k bitiminden 24 saat sonra<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t % 12<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\n<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

\n\t\t\tBUZA\u011eILAMADAN SONRA FARKLI ARALIKLARLA TOHUMLAMANIN YET\u0130\u015eT\u0130RMEYE ETK\u0130S\u0130<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\n\t\t\tDo\u011fumdan sonra ilk tohumlama aral\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t\u0130nek say\u0131s\u0131<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t\u0130lk tohumlamada gebe kalma oran\u0131 (%)<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t0-30 gün<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t290<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t% 48.3<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t60 gün<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t2012<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t% 62.5<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t90 gün<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t4431<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t% 73.1<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t120 gün<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t3068<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t% 71.5<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t150 gün<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t1265<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t% 73.4<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t180 gün<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t619<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t% 69.7<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\n<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\n<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

\n\t\t\t\u0130NEKLERDE KIZGINLIK BEL\u0130RT\u0130LER\u0130 NELERD\u0130R?<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t<\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t**östrusun ba\u015flamas\u0131 ile birlikte inekte geçici bir i\u015ftahs\u0131zl\u0131k görülebilir<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t**o günkü süt veriminde azalma dikkati çekebilir<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t**k\u0131zg\u0131nl\u0131ktan hemen  önce di\u011fer ineklerin üzerine atlama iste\u011fi artar<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t**çevreye kar\u015f\u0131 a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 ilgi, temas kurma, di\u011fer inekleri yalama ve baz\u0131 hallerde bak\u0131c\u0131s\u0131na normalin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda gösterdi\u011fi ilgi<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t**bel bölgesine masaj yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda belini çökertmesi ve kuyru\u011funu kald\u0131rarak biraz yana yönlendirmesi<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t**genel huzursuzluk  ba\u011f\u0131rma ve arayan bir yüz ifadesi <\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t**yukar\u0131da say\u0131lan bulgular\u0131n yan\u0131nda önemli d\u0131\u015f semptomlardan biri de, k\u0131smen k\u0131zg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n hemen öncesinde, özellikle artan ölçülerde k\u0131zg\u0131nl\u0131kta görülen k\u0131zg\u0131nl\u0131k sonras\u0131 dönemde azalan müköz k\u0131zg\u0131nl\u0131k ak\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131, halk aras\u0131ndaki deyimle ''ÇARA'' d\u0131r. Bu ak\u0131nt\u0131 renksiz, ipliksel karakterdedir. Vulva duda\u011f\u0131ndan tarsal ekleme kadar kopmadan uzayabilece\u011fi gibi kuyruk hareketleri ile etraf\u0131na da bula\u015fabilir.<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t**sa\u011fr\u0131 bölgesinde özellikle sakrum üzerindeki k\u0131llar\u0131n, di\u011fer hayvanlar\u0131n atlamas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak deriden ayr\u0131lmas\u0131 (serbest tip ah\u0131rlarda ve merada bulunan hayvanlarda) görülebilir.<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t**vulvada ödem ve vulva mukozas\u0131nda hiperemi dikkati çeker.<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t**bütün bu semptomlar\u0131n yan\u0131nda ine\u011fin k\u0131zg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda, ortas\u0131nda ve sonunda KEND\u0130 ÜZER\u0130NE D\u0130\u011eER HAYVANLARIN ATLAMASINA \u0130Z\u0130N VERMES\u0130 Ç\u0130FTLE\u015eMEYE HAZIR OLUP OLMADI\u011eININ EN ÖNEML\u0130 DEL\u0130L\u0130D\u0130R.<\/u> K\u0131zg\u0131nl\u0131ktaki ineklerin bu sab\u0131r refleksini gösterebilmeleri için ya serbest tip ah\u0131rlarda veya merada bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lmalar\u0131 gerekir.   <\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t1-k\u0131zg\u0131n inek ba\u015fka ineklere sokulur, onlar\u0131 koklar,<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t2-ba\u015fka ineklerin kendisine atlamas\u0131na izin verir,<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t3-kendisi de ba\u015fka ineklere atlar,<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t4-sürüde bo\u011fa veyahut ba\u015fka erkek hayvan varsa onun pe\u015finde dolan\u0131r,<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t5-a\u011fz\u0131 salyalan\u0131r,<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t6-heyecanl\u0131, sinirlidir,<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t7-yemden, sütten kesilir,<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t8-s\u0131k s\u0131k bö\u011fürür,<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t9dölerme organ\u0131 \u015fi\u015fkin, nemli, k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131mt\u0131rakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t10-yumurta ak\u0131na benzer bir ak\u0131nt\u0131 gelir, bu ak\u0131nt\u0131 bazen yere kadar uzan\u0131r, k\u0131zg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n sonlar\u0131na do\u011fru koyula\u015f\u0131r.<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t\u0130nek sahiplerine dü\u015fen i\u015f, sabah ak\u015fam sa\u011f\u0131mlar\u0131nda yahut merada dikkat ederek veya çobanlara dikkat ettirerek belirtileri gösteren inekleri ay\u0131rt\u0131p tohumlamaya götürmektir.     <\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t<\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t\u0130NEKLERDE YUMURTLAMA NE ZAMAN OLUR?<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t          Üzerine atlamas\u0131na izin veren bir hayvanda yakla\u015f\u0131k 18 saat kadar devam eden k\u0131zg\u0131nl\u0131k ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f demektir. Yumurtlamada genellikle k\u0131zg\u0131nl\u0131k belirtilerinin sona ermesinden 6 ile 8 saat sonra kendili\u011finden meydana gelmektedir. <\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\n<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
\n

\n\t\t\t(PARAS\u0130KL\u0130K ÖSTRUS) KIZGINLIK SÜRELER\u0130 ORTASINDA GÖRÜLEN KIZGINLIK NED\u0130R?<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t          \u0130ne\u011fini tohumlatan yeti\u015ftiriciler, tohumlama tarihinden yakla\u015f\u0131k 8-10 gün sonra, veteriner hekimi aray\u0131p tohumlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ine\u011fin tekrar k\u0131zg\u0131nl\u0131k gösterdi\u011fini bildirerek ayn\u0131 ine\u011fin tekrar tohumlanmas\u0131n\u0131 isteyebilir. Zira inek gerçekten k\u0131zg\u0131nl\u0131k belirtileri göstermi\u015ftir ve bu durum muayene edilerek anla\u015f\u0131labilir. Böyle bir durumda ine\u011fin tohumlanmas\u0131na gerek yoktur.<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\n<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
\n

\n\t\t\tKIZGINLIK SONRASI GÖRÜLEN KANAMALAR NED\u0130R?<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t          S\u0131\u011f\u0131rlar\u0131n k\u0131zg\u0131nl\u0131k gösterdiklerinin bir<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Uygun tohumlama zaman\u0131nda oldu\u011fu belirlenen di\u015fi hayvanlar\u0131n genital kanallar\u0131na spermalar\u0131n hijyenik ko\u015fullarda nakledilmesidir.           Erkek hayvanlar\u0131n do\u011fal a\u015f\u0131mla yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015fin, yani tohumun (sperman\u0131n) di\u015finin dölerme yollar\u0131n\u0131n en uygun yerine özel aletlerle b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u015fine (suni tohumlama) denilmektedir. TÜRK\u0130YE'DE SUN\u0130 TOHUMLAMA           Suni tohumlaman\u0131n ülkemizdeki evcil hayvanlarda uygulanmas\u0131 oldukça eskidir, 1926 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar giden bir geçmi\u015fi vard\u0131r. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[436],"tags":[],"fp_columnist":[],"class_list":["post-3829","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hayvancilik"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gardensel.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3829","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gardensel.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gardensel.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gardensel.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gardensel.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3829"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/gardensel.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3829\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":171641,"href":"https:\/\/gardensel.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3829\/revisions\/171641"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gardensel.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3829"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gardensel.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3829"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gardensel.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3829"},{"taxonomy":"fp_columnist","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gardensel.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/fp_columnist?post=3829"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}