{"id":694,"date":"2007-03-07T22:00:00","date_gmt":"2007-03-07T22:00:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2025-10-23T10:01:52","modified_gmt":"2025-10-23T10:01:52","slug":"istanbul-kenti-yesil-kusak-sistemi-icin-olanaklar-694","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gardensel.com\/tr\/istanbul-kenti-yesil-kusak-sistemi-icin-olanaklar-694","title":{"rendered":"\u0130stanbul Kenti Ye\u015fil Ku\u015fak Sistemi \u0130\u00e7in Olanaklar"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; <\/p>\n<p>\n\u0130klim ve do\u011fal peyzaj y&ouml;n&uuml;nden fazla de\u011fi\u015fiklik g&ouml;stermeyen \u0130stanbul i&ccedil;erisindeki su y&uuml;zeyleri gerek do\u011fal peyzaja olan katk\u0131lar\u0131 ve gerekse rekreasyon potansiyeli y&ouml;n&uuml;nden &ouml;nemli kaynaklard\u0131r. G&uuml;n&uuml;birlik dinlenme, piknik yapma, olta bal\u0131k&ccedil;\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 &ccedil;ad\u0131r\/karavanl\u0131 kamping, y&uuml;zme, bot, \/kay\u0131k\/kano gibi hafif ara&ccedil;larla gezme gibi &ccedil;e\u015fitli etkinliklerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, daha ihtisasla\u015fm\u0131\u015f su sporlar\u0131 i&ccedil;in olanak yaratan akarsu ve g&ouml;ller, gerekli tesis ve i\u015fletmelerin kurulmas\u0131 halinde sadece g&uuml;n&uuml;birlik de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda k\u0131sa s&uuml;reli tatil g&uuml;nlerinde de rekreasyon gereksinimlerini kar\u015f\u0131layacak &ouml;nemli kaynaklard\u0131r.\n<\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<p>\nKent i&ccedil;erisinde a&ccedil;\u0131k ye\u015fil alanlar rekreasyon potansiyeli a&ccedil;\u0131s\u0131ndan &ouml;nemli alanlard\u0131r. Ye\u015fil ku\u015faktan kentin i&ccedil;ine girmesi gerekli olan ye\u015fil kamalar bu alanlar taraf\u0131ndan olu\u015fturulacakt\u0131r. &Ccedil;&uuml;nk&uuml; kentsel alandan &ccedil;evreye ula\u015f\u0131m kolayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile kenti &ccedil;evreleyen a&ccedil;\u0131k alanlarla b&uuml;t&uuml;nl&uuml;k yarat\u0131lmas\u0131 ve ili\u015fkilerin tan\u0131mlanmas\u0131 ye\u015fil ku\u015fak sistemi anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 a&ccedil;\u0131s\u0131ndan &ouml;nemlidir. Bu nedenle bu alanlar, ye\u015fil ku\u015fak &ouml;neri alanlar\u0131 i&ccedil;inde yer alm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n<strong>&nbsp;\u0130stanbul Kenti Ye\u015fil Ku\u015fak Sistemi \u0130&ccedil;in Engeller<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n<p>\n&Uuml;lkemizde &quot;Ye\u015fil Ku\u015fak&quot;&nbsp; kavram\u0131n\u0131n eksik ele al\u0131n\u0131\u015f\u0131 nedeniyle, kamuoyunun deste\u011fi i&ccedil;in yo\u011fun tan\u0131t\u0131mlar\u0131n ve kampanyalar\u0131n gereklili\u011fi ortadad\u0131r. &quot;Ye\u015fil Ku\u015fak&quot; kavram\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131m\u0131 ile rol&uuml; ve amac\u0131n\u0131n ne oldu\u011fu kamuoyu ve kullan\u0131c\u0131lar bilin&ccedil;lendirilmedik&ccedil;e &ccedil;al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131ya ula\u015fmas\u0131 olduk&ccedil;a g&uuml;&ccedil;t&uuml;r (&Ccedil;ulcuo\u011flu, 1997).\n<\/p>\n<p>\nKamu m&uuml;lkiyetindeki araziler kentsel geli\u015fim bask\u0131lar\u0131 alt\u0131nda ba\u015fka kullan\u0131mlara tahsis edilmektedir. Bunun sonucu olarak ye\u015fil ku\u015fak zincirinin par&ccedil;alar\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturan a&ccedil;\u0131k alanlar\u0131 elde etmek olanakl\u0131 de\u011fildir (&Ccedil;ulcuo\u011flu, 1997).\n<\/p>\n<p>\n<strong>&nbsp;\u0130stanbul Do\u011fal Alanlar\u0131n\u0131n Kar\u015f\u0131 Kar\u015f\u0131ya Bulundu\u011fu Tehlikeler<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n<p>\nAvrupa&#39;n\u0131n en h\u0131zl\u0131 b&uuml;y&uuml;yen kenti olan \u0130stanbul&#39;da n&uuml;fus her y\u0131l yar\u0131m milyon ki\u015fi artmaktad\u0131r. Bu oranda bir b&uuml;y&uuml;menin kentin do\u011fal alanlar\u0131 &uuml;zerindeki olumsuz etkisi ka&ccedil;\u0131n\u0131lmazd\u0131r. Her y\u0131l onbinlerce yeni konut ve say\u0131s\u0131z end&uuml;striyel tesis in\u015fa edilmekte buna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak kentin altyap\u0131s\u0131 g&uuml;nden g&uuml;ne artmaktad\u0131r. Her ge&ccedil;en g&uuml;n trafi\u011fe &ccedil;\u0131kan ara&ccedil; say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131yla ve refah d&uuml;zeyinin y&uuml;kselmesiyle y&uuml;zlerce insan y&uuml;zmek yada piknik yapmak i&ccedil;in kentin do\u011fal alanlar\u0131na ak\u0131n etmekte, bu da alanlar &uuml;zerindeki insan bask\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmaktad\u0131r (Byf\u0131eld, &Ouml;zhatay, 1998).\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\u0130stanbul&#39;un do\u011fal miras\u0131n\u0131 dikkate alan etkili bir planlamaya gerek vard\u0131r. E\u011fer bug&uuml;n mevcut do\u011fal alanlar\u0131n korunmas\u0131 i&ccedil;in ortak bir &ccedil;aba olmazsa &ouml;n&uuml;m&uuml;zdeki y\u0131llarda bu alanlar\u0131n &ccedil;o\u011fu tamamen yok edilmi\u015f yada tan\u0131nmaz hale gelmi\u015f olacakt\u0131r (Harita 13). Bu sadece uluslararas\u0131 &ouml;neme sahip do\u011fal alanlar\u0131n kayb\u0131 olmakla kalmay\u0131p ender rastlanan peyzaj de\u011ferlerinin, a&ccedil;\u0131k alanlar\u0131n ve rekreasyonel kullan\u0131labilirli\u011fi olan alanlarda yok olmas\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelecektir. \u0130stanbul floras\u0131n\u0131 tehdit eden fakt&ouml;rleri 6 ana ba\u015fl\u0131kta toplamak m&uuml;mk&uuml;nd&uuml;r (Byf\u0131eld, &Ouml;zhatay, 1998):\n<\/p>\n<p>\n<strong>1- Yap\u0131la\u015fma<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>10 y\u0131lda yap\u0131la\u015fma %90 artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n<strong>2- Madencilik<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ruhsatl\u0131 &ccedil;al\u0131\u015fan 604 maden oca\u011f\u0131 (1542 ha) ve 102 ta\u015f oca\u011f\u0131 (300 ha) vard\u0131r ve bunlar\u0131n izinleri 1980 y\u0131l\u0131ndan sonra verilmi\u015ftir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n<strong>3- Orman Yang\u0131nlar\u0131<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Son 10 y\u0131lda, 872 ayr\u0131 yang\u0131nda 5462 hektar orman tamamen yok olmu\u015ftur.<\/li>\n<li>Do\u011fal ormanlar b&uuml;y&uuml;k &ouml;l&ccedil;&uuml;de tar\u0131msal arazi yada ka&ccedil;ak konut arazisi elde etmek amac\u0131yla h\u0131zla yok edilmektedir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n<strong>4- Do\u011fal Ortamlar\u0131n Bilin&ccedil;sizce A\u011fa&ccedil;land\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n<ul class=\"unIndentedList\">\n<li>1950&#39;den bu yana yakla\u015f\u0131k 42.000 hektar alan a\u011fa&ccedil;land\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r; buna ek olarak Orman Kanunu&#39;nda 11 Mart 1989 tarihli ve 20105 say\u0131l\u0131 d&uuml;zenlemeyle, hazine arazileri a\u011fa&ccedil;land\u0131rma ama&ccedil;l\u0131 olarak &ouml;zel ve t&uuml;zel ki\u015filere tahsis edilmi\u015ftir.<\/li>\n<li>A\u011fa&ccedil;land\u0131rma, do\u011fa koruma alanlar\u0131n\u0131 tehdit eden ikinci &ouml;nemli etkendir.<\/li>\n<li>Meralar, fundal\u0131klar ve kumul alanlar gibi nadir bitki ve hayvan t&uuml;rleri ile zengin ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131na dikilen a\u011fa&ccedil;lar b&uuml;y&uuml;d&uuml;\u011f&uuml;nde, nadir t&uuml;rlerin, bodur bitkilerin ve \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011fa ihtiyac\u0131 olan hayvanlar\u0131n g&uuml;ne\u015fini engelleyerek yok olmalar\u0131na neden olmaktad\u0131r. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n<strong>5- Bilin&ccedil;sizce Zirai Faaliyetler<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Mera ve fundal\u0131klar tar\u0131m arazisine d&ouml;n&uuml;\u015ft&uuml;r&uuml;lm&uuml;\u015ft&uuml;r.<\/li>\n<li>Tar\u0131m ara&ccedil;lar\u0131 ve yapay g&uuml;bre kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, t&uuml;rlerin do\u011fal ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131n\u0131 par&ccedil;alayarak zengin ve &ccedil;e\u015fitli populasyonlar\u0131 birbirinden ay\u0131rarak ve tekrar bir araya gelip koloni olu\u015fturma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 zay\u0131flatarak yok olmalar\u0131na neden olmaktad\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n<strong>6- \u0130&ccedil;me Suyu Kaynaklar\u0131 ve Geleneksel Arazi Kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n Yok Olu\u015fu <\/strong>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Rezervuar ve su risale hatlar\u0131 in\u015faatlar\u0131, fundal\u0131klara ve ormanlara b&uuml;y&uuml;k zarar vermektedir. <\/li>\n<li>Su rezervlerini besleyen sulak alanlar\u0131n yok edilmesi nedeniyle (&Ouml;rne\u011fin &Ouml;merli, \u0130\u011fneada ve Karasu) kullan\u0131m suyunun sa\u011fl\u0131k ve niteli\u011fi tehlike alt\u0131na girmektedir.<\/li>\n<li>Su toplama havzalar\u0131n\u0131n koruma alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131 (&Ouml;rne\u011fin Alibeyk&ouml;y ve &Ouml;merli Barajlar\u0131) &ccedil;evresindeki zengin do\u011fal alanlar\u0131n korunmas\u0131na b&uuml;y&uuml;k katk\u0131da bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nK\u0131rsal alanlarda y&uuml;zlerce y\u0131ld\u0131r geleneksel y&ouml;ntemler (baltal\u0131k orman kullan\u0131m\u0131, odun k&ouml;m&uuml;r&uuml; &uuml;retimi, a\u011fa&ccedil;, budama, otlama vs.) kullan\u0131lmakta ve bu y&ouml;ntemler alanlar\u0131n t&uuml;rler a&ccedil;\u0131s\u0131ndan zenginle\u015fmesine, &ccedil;e\u015fitlilik kazanmas\u0131na ve g&ouml;rsel &ccedil;ekicili\u011fi olan peyzajlar\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131na neden olmaktad\u0131r.&nbsp;\n<\/p>\n<p>\n<strong>Kaynak :<\/strong> &Ccedil;elik.,A.,2005 &quot;YE\u015e\u0130L KU\u015eAK KAVRAMI VE \u0130STANBUL KENT\u0130 YE\u015e\u0130L KU\u015eAK S\u0130STEM\u0130 \u0130&Ccedil;\u0130N &Ouml;NER\u0130LER&quot;&nbsp; B.&Uuml;. FENB\u0130L\u0130MLER\u0130 &nbsp;Y&Uuml;KSEK L\u0130SANS TEZ\u0130<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; \u0130klim ve do\u011fal peyzaj y&ouml;n&uuml;nden fazla de\u011fi\u015fiklik g&ouml;stermeyen \u0130stanbul i&ccedil;erisindeki su y&uuml;zeyleri gerek do\u011fal peyzaja olan katk\u0131lar\u0131 ve gerekse rekreasyon potansiyeli y&ouml;n&uuml;nden &ouml;nemli kaynaklard\u0131r. G&uuml;n&uuml;birlik dinlenme, piknik yapma, olta bal\u0131k&ccedil;\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 &ccedil;ad\u0131r\/karavanl\u0131 kamping, y&uuml;zme, bot, \/kay\u0131k\/kano gibi hafif ara&ccedil;larla gezme gibi &ccedil;e\u015fitli etkinliklerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, daha ihtisasla\u015fm\u0131\u015f su sporlar\u0131 i&ccedil;in olanak yaratan akarsu ve g&ouml;ller, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[406],"tags":[],"fp_columnist":[],"class_list":["post-694","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-peyzaj"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gardensel.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/694","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gardensel.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gardensel.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gardensel.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gardensel.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=694"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/gardensel.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/694\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":172704,"href":"https:\/\/gardensel.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/694\/revisions\/172704"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gardensel.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=694"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gardensel.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=694"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gardensel.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=694"},{"taxonomy":"fp_columnist","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gardensel.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/fp_columnist?post=694"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}