{"id":711,"date":"2007-03-10T00:02:00","date_gmt":"2007-03-10T00:02:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2025-10-23T10:01:52","modified_gmt":"2025-10-23T10:01:52","slug":"istanbulda-hava-kalitesi-iyilestime-calismalarinin-seyri-711","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gardensel.com\/tr\/istanbulda-hava-kalitesi-iyilestime-calismalarinin-seyri-711","title":{"rendered":"\u0130stanbul’da Hava Kalitesi \u0130yile\u015ftime \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n Seyri"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n
\"\"<\/span><\/a> <\/span><\/td>\n\u0130stanbul'da hava kirlili\u011fi, modern ya\u015fam\u0131n getirdi\u011fi en önemli sorunlardan biri olup, h\u0131zl\u0131 nüfus art\u0131\u015f\u0131, göçün neden oldu\u011fu nüfus yo\u011funla\u015fmas\u0131, \u015fehirle\u015fme ve endüstrile\u015fmede hatal\u0131 yer seçimi, kalitesiz yak\u0131t kullan\u0131m\u0131, \u0131s\u0131 yal\u0131t\u0131m\u0131na önem verilmeyi\u015fi, yakma cihazlar\u0131n\u0131 (soba ve kazanlar\u0131n) standart d\u0131\u015f\u0131 olu\u015fu, sanayide eski yakma teknolojilerini kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, baca gaz\u0131 ar\u0131t\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 gerekti\u011fi \u015fekilde yap\u0131lmay\u0131\u015f\u0131, trafikte kaynaklanan emisyonlar\u0131n azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 için yeterli çal\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n yap\u0131lmay\u0131\u015f\u0131, genel olarak çevre sorunlar\u0131 konusundaki bilgi eksikli\u011fi ve konunun her \u015feye ra\u011fmen yeterince önemsenmeyi\u015fi nedeni ile hava kirlili\u011fi geçmi\u015f dönemlerde giderek artarak önemli boyutlara ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/span> <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\nBüyük\u015fehir Belediyemiz, bu olumsuzluklar\u0131 gidermek ve olumsuzluklar\u0131 yaratan etkilerin tekrar ortaya ç\u0131kmamas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak için, k\u0131saca; kaliteli yak\u0131t (kaliteli kömür, kaliteli fuel-oil ) temini, do\u011falgaz\u0131n yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131, yakma cihazlar\u0131n\u0131n (soba ve kazanlar\u0131n) iyile\u015ftirilmesi, binalarda \u0131s\u0131 yal\u0131t\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 hayata geçirme, endüstriden kaynaklanan emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131n kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131 ve denetimi çal\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 yürütmektedir.\n<\/p>\n

\n\"\"\n<\/p>\n

\n
\nHava kirlili\u011finin olu\u015fumunda kirletici kaynak ve topo\u011frafik ko\u015fullar etkili oldu\u011fu kadar meteorolojik \u015fartlarda en az onlar kadar etkilidir. Hava kirlili\u011fine etki eden en önemli meteorolojik parametreler alçak ve yüksek bas\u0131nç olarak tan\u0131mlanan hava hareketleri ve bundan do\u011fan atmosferik difüzyondur. Rüzgar\u0131n gerek h\u0131z\u0131 ve gerekse yönü, atmosfere verilen kirleticilerin da\u011f\u0131lma ve yay\u0131lmalar\u0131nda ve belli bir kaynaktan herhangi bir al\u0131c\u0131ya ula\u015fmas\u0131nda etkili bir rol oynar. Hava kirlili\u011findeki de\u011fi\u015fimler izlenirken meteorolojik faktörlerde göz ard\u0131 edilmemelidir.
\n           
\n\u0130stanbul’da modern cihazlarla hava kirlili\u011fi ölçümlerine biri Anadolu di\u011feri Avrupa yakas\u0131nda olmak üzere 2 adet mobil ölçüm istasyonuyla 1995 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n Ekim ay\u0131nda ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu mobil araçlarla Avrupa yakas\u0131nda 19, Anadolu yakas\u0131nda ise 12 noktada ring yap\u0131larak kirletici parametreler sürekli olarak ölçülmekte idi. 1998 y\u0131l\u0131nda hava kalitesinin daha sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 tespit edilebilmesi için 8 adet daha ölçüm istasyonu kurularak, ölçüm istasyonu say\u0131s\u0131 10’a ç\u0131kart\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve istasyonlar a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki gibi sabitlenmi\u015ftir.\n<\/p>\n

\n\"\"\n<\/p>\n

\nÖlçülen hava kirleticilerin 15 dakikal\u0131k ortalamalar\u0131 istasyonlardaki bilgisayarlar taraf\u0131ndan otomatik olarak kaydedilmektedir. Sonra bu veriler teknik elemanlarca saatlik ve günlük ortalamalara dönü\u015ftürülmektedir. \u0130stasyonlarda toplanan veriler modem vas\u0131tas\u0131yla merkez veri toplama bilgisayar\u0131na aktar\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Veri aktar\u0131m\u0131 için kullan\u0131lan bilgisayar donan\u0131m\u0131, yaz\u0131l\u0131m ve veri ileti\u015fim sistemi günlük olarak merkezden ve gere\u011finde yerinden kontrol edilmektedir. Bunun amac\u0131 uygun i\u015fletim sisteminin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 ve veri setinin taml\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n teyit edilmesi ve temsil niteli\u011finin de\u011ferlendirilmesidir. Veri dosyalar\u0131na iletilen veriler gözden geçirilmekte hatal\u0131 veriler fark edilerek düzeltici i\u015flemler uygulanmaktad\u0131r.\n<\/p>\n

\n \n<\/p>\n

\n\"\"\n<\/p>\n

\nTüm istasyonlardan gelen veriler günlük olarak iki ayr\u0131 bilgisayar dosyas\u0131na aktar\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bunlardan biri orijinal ya da ham veri olarak saklanmakta, di\u011feri ise gözden geçirilerek düzenlenmekte ve analiz için tam bir veri dosyas\u0131 olu\u015fturulmaktad\u0131r.\n<\/p>\n

\nHava Kalitesi Ölçüm cihazlar\u0131 için kalite kontrol ve i\u015fletim faaliyetleri, istasyon s\u0131cakl\u0131k kontrolleri, otomatik s\u0131f\u0131r\/ölçüm mesafesi kontrolleri, otomatik günlük veri transferi ve kontrolleri, ayl\u0131k bak\u0131mlar ve gerekli oldu\u011funda program harici bak\u0131m ve onar\u0131mlar rutin i\u015fletmeler kapsam\u0131nda gerçekle\u015ftirilmektedir.\n<\/p>\n

\nElde edilen ölçüm sonuçlar\u0131 çe\u015fitli hava kalitesi standartlar ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmakta, gene hava kalitesine ili\u015fki bir ölçü sa\u011flanmaktad\u0131r. Günlük kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmalar, yüksek kirlilik yay\u0131lma seviyeleri do\u011furan günlerin kritik zaman periyotlar\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesini sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r. Saatlik meteorolojik verilerle kullan\u0131lmak suretiyle, bu bilgilerle spesifik kaynaklarda kirlilik azalt\u0131m çal\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda hedef belirlenmesinde yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmaktad\u0131r.\n<\/p>\n

\nMevcut ölçüm yerlerinin seçiminde göz önünde tutulan  parametreler \u015funlard\u0131r:\n<\/p>\n

    \n
  • \u0130stanbul’un topografik yap\u0131s\u0131. <\/li>\n
  • \u0130klim ko\u015fullar\u0131 <\/li>\n
  • Endüstri alanlar\u0131n\u0131n konumu. <\/li>\n
  • \u0130stanbul yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 durumu ve yerle\u015fim. <\/li>\n
  • Araç trafi\u011fi. <\/li>\n
  • Nüfus da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131. <\/li>\n
  • Do\u011fal gaz da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131. <\/li>\n
  • Atatürk Havaliman\u0131ndan al\u0131nan tarihsel meteorolojik veriler. <\/li>\n
  • Meteorolojik veriler. (Rüzgar h\u0131z\u0131 ve yönü, ya\u011f\u0131\u015f, s\u0131cakl\u0131k v.b. ) <\/li>\n
  • \u0130stanbul Büyük\u015fehir Belediyesi taraf\u0131ndan toplanan hava kalitesi ölçüm verileri (1995-2003).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \n\u0130stanbul’da hava kirlili\u011fi ölçümleri modern ölçüm \u0130stanbul’un de\u011fi\u015fik noktas\u0131nda cihazlar\u0131yla gerçekle\u015ftirilmekte olup, sistem bilgisayarlar vas\u0131tas\u0131yla merkezden kontrol edilmektedir.\n<\/p>\n

    \u0130STASYONLARDA ÖLÇÜLEN  HAVA K\u0130RLET\u0130C\u0130LER\u0130<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    \n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0130STASYON YERLER\u0130<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    HAVA K\u0130RLET\u0130C\u0130LER\u0130<\/span><\/strong><\/h4>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    \n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tSO2<\/span><\/em><\/strong>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tNOx<\/span><\/em><\/strong>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tCO<\/span><\/em><\/strong>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tO3<\/span><\/em><\/strong>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tHC<\/span><\/em><\/strong>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tPM<\/span><\/em><\/strong>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    \n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tYenibosna<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tX<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t \n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tX<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t \n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t \n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tX<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    \n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tEsenler<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tX<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tX<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tX<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t \n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tX<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tX<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    \n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tSaraçhane<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tX
    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tX<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tX<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tX<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tX<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tX<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    \n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tAlibeyköy<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tX<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tX<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tX<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t \n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tX<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tX<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    \n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tBe\u015fikta\u015f<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tX<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tX<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tX<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t \n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tX<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tX<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    \n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tSar\u0131yer<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tX<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t \n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tX<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t \n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t \n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tX<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    \n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tÜsküdar<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tX<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t \n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tX<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t \n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t \n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tX<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    \n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tKad\u0131köy<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tX<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tX<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tX<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tX<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tX<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tX<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    \n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tÜmraniye<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tX<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tX<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tX<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t \n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tX<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tX<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    \n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tKartal<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tX<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t \n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tX<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t \n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t \n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tX<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    \nHava Kalitesi Analizörleri\/Örnekleyicileri<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    \n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tPARAMETRE<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tANALIZ METODU<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    \n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tSO2<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tUV Floresan Metodu (Otomatik)<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    \n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tNOx<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tKemüluminessans Metodu (Otomatik)<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    \n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tCO<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tIR Absorpsiyonu Metodu (Otomatik) –<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    \n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tO3<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tUV Fotometri Metodu (Otomatik)<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    \n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tHC<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tGaz Kromotografi (FID) Metodu (Otomatik)<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    \n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tPM<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\tBeta I\u015f\u0131n\u0131 Absorbsiyonu (Beta Gauge) Yöntemi (Otomatik)<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    \n \n<\/p>\n

    \n\"\"\n<\/p>\n

    \n\"\"\n<\/p>\n

    \nKI\u015e SEZONLARININ ORTALAMA DE\u011eERLER\u0130<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
     <\/td>\n\n
    \n\t\t\tSO2<\/span><\/u><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
    		\n
    \n\t\t\tPM(TOZ)<\/span><\/u><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    1993-1994 K\u0131\u015f sezonu (Ekim-Mart) ortalamas\u0131<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\n
    \n\t\t\t256<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
    		\n
    \n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    1994-1995 K\u0131\u015f sezonu (Ekim-Mart) ortalamas\u0131<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\n
    \n\t\t\t165<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
    		\n
    \n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    1995-1996 K\u0131\u015f sezonu (Ekim-Mart) ortalamas\u0131<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\n
    \n\t\t\t100<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
    		\n
    \n\t\t\t78<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    1996-1997 K\u0131\u015f sezonu (Ekim-Mart) ortalamas\u0131<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\n
    \n\t\t\t81<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
    		\n
    \n\t\t\t60<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    1997-1998 K\u0131\u015f sezonu (Ekim-Mart) ortalamas\u0131<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\n
    \n\t\t\t69<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
    		\n
    \n\t\t\t62<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    1999-2000 K\u0131\u015f sezonu (Ekim-Mart) ortalamas\u0131<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\n
    \n\t\t\t43<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
    		\n
    \n\t\t\t57<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    2000-2001 K\u0131\u015f sezonu (Ekim-Mart) ortalamas\u0131<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\n
    \n\t\t\t37<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
    		\n
    \n\t\t\t62<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    2001-2002 K\u0131\u015f sezonu (Ekim-Mart) ortalamas\u0131<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\n
    \n\t\t\t33<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
    		\n
    \n\t\t\t71<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    2002-2003 K\u0131\u015f sezonu (Ekim-Mart) ortalamas\u0131<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\n
    \n\t\t\t33<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
    		\n
    \n\t\t\t65<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    2003-2004 K\u0131\u015f sezonu (Ekim-Mart) ortalamas\u0131<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\n
    \n\t\t\t23<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
    		\n
    \n\t\t\t61<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    2004-2005 K\u0131\u015f sezonu (Ekim-Mart) ortalamas\u0131<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\n
    \n\t\t\t20<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
    		\n
    \n\t\t\t51<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    2005-2006 K\u0131\u015f sezonu (Ekim-Mart) ortalamas\u0131<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\n
    \n\t\t\t18<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
    		\n
    \n\t\t\t54<\/span><\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    \n2003 – 2006 K\u0131\u015f sezonlar\u0131 ( Ekim-Mart)  incelendi\u011finde ise  ortalama baz\u0131nda \u0130stanbul genelinde Hava Kalitesini Korunmas\u0131 Yönetmeli\u011fini, Dünya Sa\u011fl\u0131k Te\u015fkilat\u0131, Avrupa Birli\u011fi, EPA, BENELUX’ ce belirlenen günlük s\u0131n\u0131r de\u011ferlerin ise hiç a\u015f\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 hatta  bu de\u011ferlerin alt\u0131nda kal\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 görülmektedir.\n<\/p>\n

    \nKaynak: www.ibb.gov.tr<\/a>\n<\/p>\n

    \n \n<\/p>\n

    \n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      \u0130stanbul'da hava kirlili\u011fi, modern ya\u015fam\u0131n getirdi\u011fi en önemli sorunlardan biri olup, h\u0131zl\u0131 nüfus art\u0131\u015f\u0131, göçün neden oldu\u011fu nüfus yo\u011funla\u015fmas\u0131, \u015fehirle\u015fme ve endüstrile\u015fmede hatal\u0131 yer seçimi, kalitesiz yak\u0131t kullan\u0131m\u0131, \u0131s\u0131 yal\u0131t\u0131m\u0131na önem verilmeyi\u015fi, yakma cihazlar\u0131n\u0131 (soba ve kazanlar\u0131n) standart d\u0131\u015f\u0131 olu\u015fu, sanayide eski yakma teknolojilerini kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, baca gaz\u0131 ar\u0131t\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 gerekti\u011fi \u015fekilde yap\u0131lmay\u0131\u015f\u0131, trafikte kaynaklanan emisyonlar\u0131n […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[419],"tags":[],"fp_columnist":[],"class_list":["post-711","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cevre"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gardensel.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/711","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gardensel.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gardensel.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gardensel.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gardensel.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=711"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/gardensel.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/711\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":172687,"href":"https:\/\/gardensel.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/711\/revisions\/172687"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gardensel.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=711"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gardensel.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=711"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gardensel.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=711"},{"taxonomy":"fp_columnist","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gardensel.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/fp_columnist?post=711"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}