{"id":97,"date":"2007-01-17T23:00:00","date_gmt":"2007-01-17T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2025-10-27T21:52:42","modified_gmt":"2025-10-27T21:52:42","slug":"uzumsu-meyvelerin-hastalik-ve-zararlilari-97","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gardensel.com\/tr\/uzumsu-meyvelerin-hastalik-ve-zararlilari-97","title":{"rendered":"\u00dcZ\u00dcMS\u00dc MEYVELER\u0130N HASTALIK VE ZARARLILARI"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&Ccedil;\u0130LEK HASTALIK VE ZARARLILARI<br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; YAPRAK HASTALIKLARI<br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Ku\u015f g&ouml;z&uuml;: Daha &ccedil;ok yapraklar\u0131n aya k\u0131sm\u0131nda g&ouml;r&uuml;l&uuml;r. Meyvede de bu lekeler g&ouml;r&uuml;lebilir (\u015eekil 17).<br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Siyah leke:Yaprak &ccedil;i&ccedil;ek ve meyvelerde g&ouml;r&uuml;len koyu renkli hafif &ccedil;&ouml;k&uuml;k uzunumsu lekeler \u015feklindedir.&nbsp;<br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u015eekil 17. &Ccedil;ilekte ku\u015f g&ouml;z&uuml; yaprak hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131<br \/>\n Bu hastal\u0131klardan ba\u015fka yaprak yan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131, yaprak kavruklu\u011fu ve k&uuml;lleme hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 &ccedil;ileklerde g&ouml;r&uuml;len hastal\u0131k t&uuml;rleridir.<br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; M&uuml;cadeleleri:<br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; B&uuml;t&uuml;n yaprak hastal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n bula\u015fma kayna\u011f\u0131 hasta bitki art\u0131klar\u0131d\u0131r. Hastal\u0131klar\u0131 y&uuml;ksek rutubet ve koyu g&ouml;lgelenme artt\u0131r\u0131r.<br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -Yeni bah&ccedil;e tesislerinde hastal\u0131ks\u0131z &uuml;retim materyali kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -Taban\u0131, rutubetli ve g&ouml;lgeli alanlarda &ccedil;ileklik kurulmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -\u0130la&ccedil;l\u0131 m&uuml;cadelelerinde, tar\u0131m te\u015fkilat\u0131n\u0131n ilgili uzmanlar\u0131n\u0131n tavsiye ettikleri ila&ccedil;lar\u0131, belirtilen d&ouml;nemlerde ve dozlarda kullan\u0131lmal\u0131, rasgele ila&ccedil;lamalardan ka&ccedil;\u0131n\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; K&Ouml;K VE K&Ouml;KBO\u011eAZI HASTALIKLARI<br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 k&ouml;k &ccedil;&uuml;r&uuml;kl&uuml;\u011f&uuml; ve siyah k&ouml;k &ccedil;&uuml;r&uuml;kl&uuml;\u011f&uuml;d&uuml;r. K&ouml;k sisteminin k\u0131smen ya da tamamen &ccedil;&uuml;r&uuml;mesidir.<br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Solgunluk:<br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; S\u0131cak havalarda sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bitkilerin birden bire soldu\u011fu ve &ouml;l&uuml;me gitti\u011fi g&ouml;r&uuml;l&uuml;r.<br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -Hastal\u0131kl\u0131 bitki &uuml;retim materyali ile &ccedil;ileklik kurulmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -Hastal\u0131kla bula\u015f\u0131k olan b&ouml;lgelerde &ccedil;ileklik kurulmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; MEYVE HASTALIKLARI:<br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1. Kur\u015funi k&uuml;f hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131<br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2. Ya\u015f &ccedil;&uuml;r&uuml;kl&uuml;k<br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &Ccedil;\u0130LEKLERDE KUR\u015eUN\u0130 K&Uuml;F HASTALI\u011eI<br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Belirtileri:<br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Hastal\u0131k genellikle &ccedil;i&ccedil;ek, yaprak, yaprak sap\u0131 ve meyvede g&ouml;r&uuml;lmektedir (\u015eekil 18). &Ccedil;i&ccedil;eklerin tam a&ccedil;m\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu d&ouml;nemde b&uuml;t&uuml;n organlar\u0131 ile enfeksiyona u\u011frayan &ccedil;i&ccedil;ekler, aniden solarak kururlar ve &ldquo;&ccedil;i&ccedil;ek yan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131&rdquo; olarak bilinen durum meydana gelir. Yaprak saplar\u0131 ve daha &ccedil;ok dip taraflar\u0131 hastal\u0131\u011fa yakalan\u0131r.<br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Hastal\u0131k &ccedil;ok geni\u015f bir yay\u0131lma alan\u0131 g&ouml;sterir. &Uuml;lkemizin her taraf\u0131nda g&ouml;r&uuml;lmektedir.<br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; M&uuml;cadelesi:<br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; K&uuml;lt&uuml;rel &ouml;nlemler:<br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &#8211; &Ccedil;ukur ve su tutan alanlarda &ccedil;ilek yeti\u015ftirilmemelidir.<br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &#8211; &Ccedil;ilek plantasyonlar\u0131n\u0131 2-3 y\u0131lda bir yenilemelidir. Gen&ccedil; plantasyonlarda vegetatif aksam ya\u015fl\u0131lara g&ouml;re daha azd\u0131r. Bunlarda hava sirk&uuml;lasyonu ve g&uuml;ne\u015flenme daha iyi olur.<br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &#8211; Hastal\u0131\u011fa yakalanm\u0131\u015f meyveler ile &ccedil;i&ccedil;ek sap\u0131 ve yapraklar hasattan sonra dipten kesilerek tarladan uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &#8211; &Ouml;nerilebilecek bir ila&ccedil; bulunamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i&ccedil;in kimyasal m&uuml;cadelesi yoktur.<br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -Bu grup hastal\u0131klarla m&uuml;cadele i&ccedil;in meyveler topra\u011fa de\u011fmeyecek \u015fekilde &uuml;retim bi&ccedil;imi uygulan\u0131r.<br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -Yeni &ccedil;ileklikler kurulurken dikim alanlar\u0131n\u0131n &ccedil;ukur ve su tutan alanlar olmamas\u0131na dikkat edilmelidir.<br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -&Ccedil;ilekler 2-3 y\u0131lda bir yenilenmelidir.<br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u015eekil 18. &Ccedil;ilekte kur\u015funi k&uuml;f hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131<br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &Ccedil;\u0130LEKTE KIRMIZI &Ouml;R&Uuml;MCEKLER:<br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &Ccedil;ilek zararl\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda iki noktal\u0131 k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 &ouml;r&uuml;mcek ile pamuk k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 &ouml;r&uuml;mce\u011fi gelir. <br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 &ouml;r&uuml;mcekler, &ccedil;ile\u011fin genellikle yapraklar\u0131 alt\u0131nda bulunurlar. Yo\u011funlu\u011fun y&uuml;ksek oldu\u011fu durumlarda yaprak ve meyvelerin k&uuml;&ccedil;&uuml;k kalmas\u0131na, bitkinin bodurla\u015fmas\u0131na, bazen de &ouml;l&uuml;m&uuml;ne yol a&ccedil;ar. <br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; M&uuml;cadelesi:<br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 50 yaprak&ccedil;\u0131k incelenerek ortalama bir yaprak&ccedil;\u0131kta 15 ve &uuml;zerinde k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 &ouml;r&uuml;mcek tespit edilmesi halinde ila&ccedil;lama yap\u0131l\u0131r.<br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &Ccedil;\u0130LEK YAPRAK B\u0130T\u0130:<br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Bulundu\u011fu bitki k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 sokup emgi yaparak zararl\u0131 olur. Ayr\u0131ca &ccedil;ileklerde virus hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam bitkilere ta\u015f\u0131yarak da tehlikeli olmaktad\u0131r.<br \/>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; K\u0131\u015f\u0131n ve ilkbaharda yapraklar kontrol edilmeli zararl\u0131 saptan\u0131rsa ila&ccedil;lama yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><!--GS_AUTHOR_NOTE--><\/p>\n<p class=\"gs-author-note\">Bu yaz\u0131 <strong>Z\u0131raat Y. M\u00fchendisi Fahrettin Y\u0131lmaz<\/strong> kategorisinde yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><!--\/GS_AUTHOR_NOTE--><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&Ccedil;\u0130LEK HASTALIK VE ZARARLILARI &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; YAPRAK HASTALIKLARI &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Ku\u015f g&ouml;z&uuml;: Daha &ccedil;ok yapraklar\u0131n aya k\u0131sm\u0131nda g&ouml;r&uuml;l&uuml;r. Meyvede de bu lekeler g&ouml;r&uuml;lebilir (\u015eekil 17). &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Siyah leke:Yaprak &ccedil;i&ccedil;ek ve meyvelerde g&ouml;r&uuml;len koyu renkli hafif &ccedil;&ouml;k&uuml;k uzunumsu lekeler \u015feklindedir.&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u015eekil 17. &Ccedil;ilekte ku\u015f g&ouml;z&uuml; yaprak hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 Bu hastal\u0131klardan ba\u015fka yaprak yan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131, yaprak kavruklu\u011fu ve [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":22,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[405],"tags":[],"fp_columnist":[],"class_list":["post-97","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kose-yazilari"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gardensel.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/97","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gardensel.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gardensel.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gardensel.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gardensel.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=97"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/gardensel.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/97\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":189612,"href":"https:\/\/gardensel.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/97\/revisions\/189612"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gardensel.com\/tr\/wp-json\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gardensel.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=97"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gardensel.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=97"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gardensel.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=97"},{"taxonomy":"fp_columnist","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gardensel.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/fp_columnist?post=97"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}